Introduction to Information Technology

Introduction to Information Technology

 

What is Technology?

What is Information?

What is Information Technology?

What is the role of computers in IT?

tech·nol·o·gy

/tekˈnäləjē/

noun

the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

"advances in computer technology"

o    machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge.

"it will reduce the industry's ability to spend money on new technology"

o    the branch of knowledge dealing with engineering or applied sciences.

About Data

• Data comes from the word "datum" which means facts or informational materials. 
• From a business point of view: “Business data is an organization's description of things (resources) and events (transactions) that it faces”. So data is a description of something (resources) and events (transactions). 
• Gordon B. Davis in Management Information Systems: Conceptual Foundations, Structures, and Development calls data as raw material for information.

Conclusion: data is the raw material of information, defined as a group of symbols that represent facts, events, actions, objects, and so on.

About Information

• According to Gordon B. Davis: information as data that has been processed into a form that is useful to the recipient and tangible.
• According to Barry E. Cushing: information is something that shows the results of data processing that is organized and useful to people who receive it.
• According to Stephen A. Moscove: information as reality or useful forms that can be used for business decision making.

Conclusion: information is the result of processing data into a form that is more useful for those who receive it and can be used as a tool for making a decision.

Information Technology (IT)

IT is a term for a variety of things and abilities used in the formation, storage, and dissemination of information.

• Purpose of Information Technology : Solve problems, unlock creativity, effectiveness and efficiency.
• The need for Information Technology, because: 

1. The complexity of management tasks
2. Effects of globalization
3. Need fast response time
4. Pressure of business competition

• Principles of Information Technology : High-Tech-High-Touch
• Information Technology Functions : Capture, Processing, Generating, Storing, Retrieval, Transmission.
• Advantages of Information Technology : Speed, Consistency, Precision, Reliability
• Information Technology in Various Fields : Accounting, Finance, Marketing, Production or Production Management,  Human Resource Management

The Role of Computers in IT

• To help and make work easier people in all aspects/fields of business
• Computers as ICT tools have several functions, namely as a medium:

1. Information
2. Communication
3. Transactions
4. Entertainment

Benefits of Information Technology

• Education: e-Learning, Teleconference
• Banking: sms-Banking, e-Banking
• Business: e-Commerce
• Company: ERP
• Transportation: GPS (Global Positioning System)
• Governance: e-Government

Positive Impact of Using IT

• Simplify and speed up human work
• Means of communication with other users around the world
• Make it easier for humans to obtain information
• Easy access to various services
• Provides convenience in transactions & business in the field of
• trade so there is no need to go to the point of sale
• Increase productivity in the industrial world

 

Positive Impact of Using IT

• Social: antisocial, pornography, cybercrime
• Education: plagiarism
• Economy: e-Commerce of contraband, drug transaction